In meeting the requirements of the product's function, appearance, etc., the design of sheet metal should ensure that the stamping process is simple, the stamping mold is easy to make, the sheet metal stamping quality is high, and the dimension is stable. The detailed sheet metal design guide can refer to the “Part Structure Design Processability” and “Product Design Guide for Manufacturing and Assembly” published by Machinery Industry Press.

process

After the drawing reaches the hand, different blanking methods are selected according to the development plan and the batch size, among which are the laser, the numerical control punching machine, the cutting board, the mold, etc., and then the corresponding development is made according to the drawing. The impact of the tool on CNC punch press, for some special-shaped workpieces and irregular hole processing, there will be large burrs on the edge, to carry out the deburring process, at the same time have a certain impact on the accuracy of the workpiece; laser processing tool Restriction, smooth profile, suitable for processing of shaped workpieces, but it takes longer for small workpieces. Placing the worktable next to the CNC and the laser facilitates the placement of the sheet material on the machine for processing and reduces the workload of the lift plate.

Some of the edge materials that can be used are placed in the designated place to provide material for the trial mold during bending. After the workpiece is unloaded, the corners, burrs, and joints must be trimmed (polished). At the tool joints, the boring tool is used for trimming. For workpieces with large burrs, trimming is performed using a grinding machine. With the corresponding small trowel trim, in order to ensure the appearance of the appearance, while the shape of the trim also for the positioning of the bend to ensure that the bending of the workpiece on the bending machine at the same position to ensure the same batch of product size consistent.

After the blanking is completed, the next process is entered, and different workpieces enter the corresponding process according to the processing requirements. There are bending, riveting, clamming and tapping, spot welding, playing convex bulges, step difference, sometimes to bend nuts or studs after one or two bends, among which there are molds to be used for bulging and step difference. The first processing, in order to avoid other processes will interfere after the first processing, can not complete the required processing. When there is a hook on the upper cover or the lower shell, if it cannot be welded after bending, it must be processed before bending.

When bending, it is necessary to first determine the tool and sipe to be used when bending according to the size and material thickness on the drawing sheet to prevent the product from colliding with the tool and cause deformation. This is the key to the selection of the upper die (in the same product, it may be used Different models of the upper die), the choice of lower die to determine the thickness of the plate. The second step is to determine the sequence of bending. The general law of bending is first inside and outside, first after small, then after the first special. The workpiece that has to press the dead edge first bends the workpiece to 30°-40°, and then uses the leveling die to crush the workpiece.

When riveting, it is necessary to consider the height of the studs to select the same die, and then adjust the pressure of the press to ensure that the stud and the workpiece surface are flush and avoid that the stud is not pressed or pressed out of the workpiece surface, resulting in a workpiece scrapped.

There are welding argon arc welding, spot welding, carbon dioxide welding, manual arc welding, etc., spot welding must first consider the location of the workpiece welding, in the batch production, consider the positioning fixture to ensure the spot welding position is accurate.

In order to weld firmly, hitting the bumps on the workpiece to be welded can make the bumps evenly contact with the flat plate before the electric welding, so as to ensure the consistent heating of each point, and at the same time, the welding position can also be determined. Similarly, welding is required. Adjust the pre-press time, hold time, hold time, rest time to ensure that the workpiece can be spot welded firmly. After the spot welding, welding flaws will appear on the surface of the workpiece. It is necessary to use a flat mill for processing. The argon arc welding is mainly used when the two workpieces are large and they are connected together, or the corners of a workpiece are processed to achieve a smooth surface of the workpiece. ,smooth. The heat generated during argon-arc welding tends to deform the workpiece. After welding, it is necessary to use a grinding machine and a flat mill for processing, especially in terms of corners.

Workpieces are subjected to surface treatment after bending, riveting and other processes are completed. Different sheet metal surfaces are handled in different ways. After the cold plate is processed, the surface is generally plated. After plating, no spraying treatment is performed. Phosphating is used to treat phosphorus. After the treatment, it should be sprayed. Plating plate surface cleaning, degreasing, and then spraying. Stainless steel plate (mirror panel, fog panel, wire drawing board) can be wire drawing before bending, without spraying, if you need to spray hair treatment; aluminum plate is generally treated with oxidation, according to the different colors of spraying choose different Oxidation background,

Commonly used black and natural oxidation; aluminum plate to be sprayed after chromate oxidation treatment. The pre-treatment of the surface can make the surface clean, significantly improve the adhesion of the coating film, and can double the corrosion resistance of the coating film. The cleaning process first cleans the workpiece, first hangs the workpiece on the assembly line, first passes through the cleaning solution (alloy oil-removing powder), then enters clean water, then passes through the spray zone, passes through the drying zone, and finally passes the workpiece from the assembly line. Remove it.

After surface treatment, enter the spraying process. When the workpiece is required to be assembled and sprayed, the tooth or part of the conductive hole needs to be protected. The tooth hole can be inserted into a soft glue stick or a screw, and the conductive protection needs to be affixed with a high temperature tape. Large quantities of positioning fixtures are used for positioning and protection, so that spraying will not spray on the inside of the workpiece. The nut (flange) hole visible on the outer surface of the workpiece is protected with a screw to prevent the workpiece nut (flange) hole after spraying. Need to return teeth.

Some large-volume workpieces also use tooling protection; when the workpieces are not assembled, the areas that do not need to be sprayed are covered with high-temperature tape and paper, and some nuts (studs) holes exposed on the outside are protected by screws or high temperature resistant rubber. If the workpiece is sprayed on both sides, use the same method to protect the holes of the nuts (studs); small workpieces shall be sprayed together with lead wire or paper clips, etc.; some workpieces shall have high surface requirements; scraping shall be performed before spraying; some workpieces shall be grounded. The symbol is protected with special high temperature resistant stickers. When spraying, the workpiece is first hung on the line, and the surface of the surface is dusted with a pipe. Into the spray area spraying, sprayed along the line into the drying area, and finally remove the sprayed workpiece from the assembly line. among them

There are two types of manual spraying and automatic spraying, so the tooling used is different.

After spraying, enter the assembly process. Before assembly, remove the protective sticker originally used for spraying and make sure that the threaded hole in the part is not covered with paint or powder. Wear gloves during the entire process to avoid dust on the hands. On the workpiece, some workpieces are blown clean with air guns. After assembly, it enters the packaging process. After the inspection of the workpiece, it is put into a special packaging bag for protection. Some non-dedicated packaging components are packaged with a bubble film, and the bubble film is cut to the size of the packaged workpiece before packaging. In order to avoid one-sided packaging, affect the processing speed; large batch can be customized

Special carton or bubble bag, pad, tray, wooden box and so on. Packed into cartons, and then affix the corresponding finished or semi-finished product labels on the cartons.

In addition to the stringent requirements in the production process, the quality of sheet metal parts is independent of the quality inspection of the production. First, the size is strictly controlled according to the drawings. Second, the appearance quality is strictly controlled. Those who do not match the dimensions are reworked or scrapped. The appearance is not Allow scratching, color difference after spraying, corrosion resistance, adhesion and other tests. This can be used to find errors in unfolding drawings, bad habits in manufacturing processes, errors in manufacturing processes, errors in programming, errors in dies, and so on.

Codes

1. Scope of application

1.1 This Code applies to the cutting of blanks of straight edges of various ferrous metals and other similar blanks.

1.2 The material to be sheared has a basic thickness of 0.5 to 6 mm and a maximum width of 2500 mm.

2. Material

2.1 Materials should meet the technical requirements.

2.2 The material is a cold-rolled steel plate. No serious scratches, scratches, impurities, or rust spots are allowed on the surface.

3. Equipment and process equipment and tools.

3.1 Board, pliers, oiler, screwdriver, hand hammer.

3.2 Vernier caliper, outer diameter micrometer, steel ruler, steel tape measure, square ruler, scriber.

4. Process preparation

4.1 Familiar with drawings and related process requirements, fully understand the geometry and size requirements of the processed parts.

4.2 According to the requirements of the drawing material specifications, and check whether the material meets the requirements of the process.

4.3 In order to reduce the consumption and increase the material utilization rate, it is necessary to reasonably calculate the suit method.

4.4 Lay the qualified materials neatly next to the machine.

4.5 Fill the oil holes in the shears.

4.6 Check whether the shearing blade is sharp and firm, and adjust the blade clearance according to the thickness of the sheet material.